写作方法2016marketmeditations.com编辑精选
本杰明·富兰克林方法：如何成为更好的写作者
The Benjamin Franklin Method: How to Be a Better Writer
导读
这篇文章围绕本杰明·富兰克林的写作训练法，讨论如何通过模仿、改写和持续练习成为更好的写作者。值得写作者读，是因为它不只讲“多写”，还涉及把写作拆成结构、起草、修改等可操作步骤，并提醒我们按时代条件调整练习方式。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
把写作拆成多个阶段：先搭逻辑结构，再起草，最后专门润色，不要混在一起做。
- 02
用朗读或演讲检验文字，拗口、不自然、难跟上的地方会立刻暴露，也能迫使你精简表达。
- 03
修改时优先追求短、直接、肯定、主动的句子，多依靠有描述力的动词和名词。
- 04
不必机械照搬手抄范文，可以借助文字处理和博客，在自己的文章上反复重写练习。
HN 评论精选
真正提升写作的核心是热情、坚持和用心投入。
秘诀就是痴迷。没错，热情和持续坚持是任何行业真正成功者的标志。圣方济各有一句话很适合说明这一点：用手工作的人是劳工，用手和脑工作的人是工匠，用手、脑和心工作的人才是艺术家。
liquidise查看英文原文
> And the secret sauce is obsession. Correct. Above all else, passion and continued perseverance are the hallmarks of anyone truly successful at their trade. There is an excellent quote from Saint Francis of Assisi that, quite honestly, explains the software engineering field about as well as it did masonry in the 13th century (or writing in the 18th century). He who works with his hands is a laborer. He who works with his hands and his head is a craftsman. He who works with his hands and his head and his heart is an artist.
把写作拆成结构、起草、润色三阶段，并用演讲来检验和压缩表达。
这篇文章有些好信息。结合我打磨写作流程的经验，建议：写诗不错，但写并发表演讲更好，因为站到人群前讲能最快发现难懂、不自然或混乱的语言，而且演讲偏短，会逼你压缩想法。写作还应分阶段：先建立文档的逻辑结构，把要讲的内容、问题、研究和例子排成有序树状结构；再用纸笔离开电脑起草，不必太纠结风格；最后录入电脑并润色，追求短、直接、肯定、主动的句子，重视描述性动词和名词。
CuriouslyC查看英文原文
This article has some good information. Having worked hard to develop my writing process I suggest the following: 1. Writing poetry is good, but writing (and delivering) speeches is better. Nothing ferrets out difficult to follow, unnatural or confusing language better than getting up in front of a group and presenting it. Speeches also tend to be short-form, so they really force you to condense your ideas. 2. Writing is a multi-phase process, and each phase should be approached separately. Specifically: 2a.) The first step in good writing is to create a logical structure of your document - figure out what you want to talk about, then arrange the ideas you are going to cover into an ordered tree structure. Include questions you want to answer, any relevant research, and examples or analogies you want to cover. Personal opinions aside, Ayn Rand's The Art of Nonfiction is actually a very good guide to logical document structure. 2b.) The next step is to convert this structured document tree into prose. For this step, I suggest getting a pen and lined paper and getting away from the computer. Have a printed copy of your document tree to reference, and try to flesh it out without worrying too much about style. 2c.) Finally, transcribe your handwritten prose onto your word processor of choice, and edit for style. The basic tenets from The Element of Style are good. Favor short, direct, positive, active sentences. Focus on descriptive verbs and nouns rather than loading up on adverbs and adjectives. Try to trim unnecessary words. Beyond that, try to inject metaphor into your writing as much as possible. If you use a metaphor, try to stick with the same one for the entire paragraph. Use wordplay such as rhymes and alliterations to make important sentences more memorable.
富兰克林的方法受时代条件限制，今天应利用现代工具直接练习写作和重写。
看富兰克林如何练成写作技能时要注意：他能读的书相对少，注意力受到的干扰也少得多。比如他学意大利语，是和朋友们把背语法书变成比赛。按现代看法这很糟，因为几乎没人会真这么做，也不一定能让你会说意大利语，投入极大而回报很小；但如果你身边没人说意大利语，只有一本语法书、极强毅力，又没有电视和游戏填满漫长孤独的夜晚，那也许只能如此。同样，手抄并多次改写《旁观者》文章大概也能提升文笔，但很费工。今天有复制粘贴的文字处理和博客，为什么不直接在那里写并练习重写呢？
panglott查看英文原文
The problem with looking at how Ben Franklin developed his skills is that he had relatively fewer books to read and he had many fewer demands on his attention. For example, I read a piece a while ago discussing how Franklin learned Italian: he and some friends make a competition of memorizing an Italian grammar book. This is a terrible way to learn Italian, by modern thinking; because almost nobody is actually going to do it, and it won't actually get you speaking Italian. It's incredibly demanding for little reward. But if you know nobody who speaks Italian, have an Italian grammar book and immense dedication, and no TV or video games to fill the long, lonely, candlelit hours, I suppose you might as well? Similarly, hand-copying and re-writing Spectator articles multiple times in multiple forms is probably a (labor-intensive) way to improve your prose. But today we have word processors with copy and paste and blogs. Why not just write there and practice rewriting that?
可以借助写作挑战活动给自己制造练习写作的理由。
富兰克林的全部故事确实很励志，他的勤奋非常突出。如果你需要一个练习写作的借口，可以试试“全国小说写作月”，它恰好明天开始。
john111查看英文原文
Benjamin Franklin's entire story is really inspirational. He certainly had work ethic in abundance. If you need an excuse to practice your writing, you may want to try National Novel Writing Month[1], which coincidentally, starts tomorrow. [1] http://nanowrimo.org
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