写作与思考2020acesounderglass.com编辑精选
为学习而阅读时，该记下什么
What to write down when you’re reading to learn
导读
这篇文章讨论的是“带着学习目的阅读时，应该在笔记里记下什么”，核心方法是注意自己阅读速度突然变慢的地方，这往往意味着理解受阻、值得记录。对写作者来说，它提供了一个反向视角：读者的“卡顿感”正是写作时需要提前化解的地方。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
留意自己阅读时哪里速度变慢或卡住，那往往是最值得记录的信息点，也是写作时最该讲清楚的地方。
- 02
读完后合上原文，用自己的话复述一遍，能复述出来才算真正理解；这也是检验自己文字是否清晰的标尺。
- 03
遇到难懂的句子先别急着跳过，回头慢读并借助上下文，往往会发现是句子结构而非概念本身出了问题。
HN 评论精选
理解受阻时有两种反应：惯性滑过，或停下来重读。
作者关于“拖拽感”的说法让我很有共鸣。读复杂文本、遇到理解困难时，我有两种反应：一是靠惯性滑过去，其实理解已经打了折扣；二是意识到这一点，停下来慢读、回看上下文，必要时做笔记。问题在于人往往太懒。
rablackburn查看英文原文
>The single most helpful thing in figuring out what to write down was noticing when my reading was slowing down (...) > If I have one piece of advice, it’s “learn to recognize the subtle drag of something requiring your attention.” This really resonated with me, but perhaps not in the exact same way as the author. I've recently become more consciously aware of how I react when reading more complex text or parsing more complex points. I read along at a fairly constant speed, not having much trouble following the author's mental model. But at some point the complexity seems to grow beyond what I can comfortably hold in my head without stopping and really trying to parse what's on the page in front of me. I can react to this difficulty in two ways: 1. I let the inertia carry me past the sentence, not really grokking it, instead it becomes a sort of buzz in my mental model (or a 'drag' in the author's words), something like step 2 in south park's famous step 1: do something - step 2: ??? - step 3: profit. I continue on with the text, but now my understanding of it is compromised. 2. I recognize what I'm doing, stop reading, and start re-reading the sentence much more slowly. Look at the surrounding text for illuminating context (sometimes this snag isn't because it's an overly complex point, it's just a poorly structured sentence and the next line clears it up). I may need to start taking notes to parse it. My problem is I'm quite lazy (and I'm usually reading in bed to relax) and tend to default to strategy 1. But I'm trying to change that bad habit and react with strategy 2.
推荐《如何阅读一本书》作为进阶读物。
关于这个主题，我见过最好的资料是莫蒂默·阿德勒的《如何阅读一本书》，做非虚构阅读的话强烈推荐。
requin246查看英文原文
The best information on this topic I’ve come across is contained in Mortimer Adler’s “How to read a book”. Highly recommended if you’re doing any non-fiction reading.
用自己的话重建，是检验理解的最好方式。
我一直相信“直到你尝试重建它，才能确定自己真的理解了”。大学时我发现，读的时候觉得懂了的东西，离开课本就完全做不出来。此后我养成习惯：键盘边常备笔和本子，还写了个小命令随时记录学到的东西。
hliyan查看英文原文
I always used to tell myself "You can never be sure you've really understood something until you try to recreate it". It started from my university days when I noticed that stuff I read and thought "yeah I got this" later turned out to be anything but, when I had to do it without the textbook at hand. Since then, I've always kept the habit. There's literally a pen and notepad two inches to the right of my keyboard. There is also a terminal open always, where I can do this: $ learned > about Walder's law: the bulk of discussion on programming language > design centers on syntax (which, for purposes of the argument, is > considered a solved problem), as opposed to semantics. That's an actual example from two days ago. "learned" is just a shell script: #!/bin/bash read text echo -e "\n$text" >> ~/Dropbox/writing/notes/learned.txt As you can see it auto syncs to dropbox.
学习策略取决于目的，重读的效率最低。
答案取决于你想学什么、为什么学。研究显示，如果为了考试记忆信息，重读是十种常见学习策略中效率最低的；效率最高的是在考试条件下做练习测试。如果学的是需要顺序记忆的内容，记忆宫殿会有帮助。
Deviate查看英文原文
The answer depends on what you're trying to learn and for what purpose, as it will dictate what learning strategies you utilize. For example, if you're studying to retain information for educational purposes (and reproduce in an exam environment) then research has indicated that reading and rereading have the lowest utility (return on time invested) in the 10 common strategies used by students. The strategy offering the highest utility was practice testing under exam conditions. If you are reading to learn about a topic that requires you to retain information in a sequential manner, then using learning techniques such as a memory palace can be helpful. This is a technique that allows you to picture a room you know very well and associate blocks of information with objects in that room while you are learning. It's a very common way to deal with performance anxiety which manifests as blank memory. I'm happy to share some thoughts on potential approaches if you offer some clarity on what your desired outcome is.
同类还值得读
不要想好再写，要写来思考
Don’t think to write, write to think
这篇短文主张不要把写作当成思考完成后的记录，而要把写作本身当作思考的工具：动笔的过程会逼出想不清楚的地方。
写作与思考2022 · 553 分 · 145 评4 条写作要点编辑精选写作即思考：学会自信地写作
Writing Is Thinking: Learning to Write with Confidence
这是一篇讲“写作即思考”的博客：作者认为写作不是把想好的东西誊写出来，而是借助写作本身把想法想清楚，因此写作者应当建立信心、敢于先写烂稿。
写作与思考2019 · 529 分 · 83 评4 条写作要点编辑精选如何用写作来思考
How to think in writing
这篇文章讨论的是「用写作来思考」：作者认为写作不只是把想清楚的东西表达出来，更是想清楚本身的工具——文字落在纸上，你才有机会看见自己思路里的跳跃、含混和漏洞。
写作与思考2024 · 424 分 · 120 评4 条写作要点编辑精选写作，帮你逃离默认的人生设置
Write to Escape Your Default Setting
文章的核心主张就写在标题里：写作是帮你逃离「默认设置」的手段——日常的思维和表达都有惯性默认的默认模式，而落笔能逼你跳出来，重新看清自己到底在想什么、要说什么。
写作与思考2025 · 407 分 · 93 评4 条写作要点编辑精选写作就是思考
Writing is thinking
文章以“写作即思考”为题，讨论写作不只是把已有想法记录下来，而是帮助澄清、组织和推进思考的过程。
写作与思考2025 · 330 分 · 128 评4 条写作要点编辑精选