写作方法2020adamfaliq.wordpress.com编辑精选
提升写作水平的几个步骤
Steps to Improve Your Writing
导读
本文是一位坚持写作多年的博主总结的写作改进步骤，涵盖结构、清晰、简洁等原则。HN 评论补充了实操经验：先尽情写完再大幅删减、朗读检验、用简单词汇照顾非母语读者。对写作者来说，这些既是可立即上手的修改清单，也是打破“写不出来”心理障碍的提醒。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
先完成“头脑倾倒”式初稿，不考虑语法、格式和重复，再集中精力删改，这样更容易写得充分。
- 02
写完通读并删掉所有不重要的内容，包括重复表达同一意思的句子；说得越少，被质疑的空间越小。
- 03
大声朗读自己的稿子：在纸面上看起来不错的句子，读出来可能很别扭，别人读也会不顺畅。
- 04
用简单、克制的词汇，并尝试把概念解释给小孩听；如果解释不清，就回去重写那一段。
HN 评论精选
先写完再狠删，并靠朗读和读金氏写作书来自我检验。
写博客、培训材料和客户邮件多年，有三件事持续帮我提升：①少即是多——先写够，再删掉所有不重要的东西（比如把同一句话说了三遍）；说得越少，别人越没什么可争的；先讲要点，细节留到后面。②把稿子读出声，纸面上好看的文字读起来可能很糟，读着别扭，别人读也会别扭。③先写下来，别管形式、冗余、拼写和语法，把“脑内倾倒”落到纸面，然后再狠狠修改。④读一读斯蒂芬·金的《写作这回事》，理解什么叫“杀掉你的宝贝”。
geocrasher查看英文原文
I've been writing for several years, and the more I blog, write training materials, or just write to customers, three things keep helping me improve: 1) Less is more. A) Write all you like, and then cut out all the stuff that doesn't matter. Like the way you just said the same thing 3 times in a row. B) The less you say the less someone has to argue with. The opposite is also true C) Stick to main points and save gory details for later, unless you're in the "Gory Details" section already. 2) Read your writing out loud. What looks great on the page might sound terrible aloud. If it sounds terrible aloud, then it'll be awkward for others to read, too. 3) Just write. Get the words onto the page. This is the hardest but most important thing. Don't pay attention to form, redundancy, spelling, grammar, or redundancy. Just get the words down. These so-called brain dumps will help you get expressive. Then you can edit the heck out of yourself as mentioned in 1 and 2. 4) Okay, a fourth. No matter what you write, read Steven King's "On Writing" to find out what it means to "kill your darlings". Epic book.
清晰和简洁优先，用简单词汇，像给小孩讲解那样检验可读性。
两条最要紧：好文章要清晰，好文章要简洁。用简单、精简的词汇，因为读者可能母语不是英语；像费曼说的那样试着讲给小孩听，讲不清就重写。别用时髦俚语，也别把文章写成口语腔。顺带吐槽：该说 lessons 不是 learnings，别用 ping 或 reach out 这类套话，“welp”其实就是“well, for one thing”。
DrBazza查看英文原文
Definitely these two: 1. Good writing is clear 4. Good writing is concise Use a simple, reduced vocabulary, as your readers are likely to have English as a second language (e.g. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-44569277). And as Richard Feynman pointed out, try explaining it to a child. If you can't go back and rewrite it. Don't use (modern) slang, and avoid writing 'conversational' English. It's "lessons" not "learnings". How much have you eaten? How many eatings have you had? Ugh. Don't use 'ping' or 'reach out' (you're not the Four Tops). And what on earth is "welp/whelp" that people have started using in the last couple of years? It's "well, for one thing..."
高明的衔接手法：在上一段埋下疑问，下一段给出回答。
关于第二条“衔接”，2011 年《纽约客》一篇讲卢旺达自行车手的文章让我印象深刻。它超越了一般的好文笔：作者不只是用刚说过的内容或读者已知的信息来开头，而是会在一个段落里悄悄在你脑中埋下一个问题，下一段再回答它，如此反复。推荐一读。
mariodiana查看英文原文
Regarding rule two, cohesion, I remember being struck by the writing in this New Yorker piece from 2011 on the subject of Rwandan bicycle racers. This goes beyond good writing. The writer didn't merely begin his sentences with what he had just said or with what he could count on being familiar to the reader. I noticed that the writer would take a paragraph and somehow manage to raise a question in my mind, and then in the next paragraph he would answer that question. This happened over and over. Give it a read! https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/07/11/climbers-philip-gourevitch
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