写作与思考2014theguardian.com
手写与打字：笔是否依然胜于键盘？
Handwriting vs. typing: is the pen still mightier than the keyboard?
导读
这篇《卫报》文章讨论手写与打字对认知和学习的影响，并引用心理学研究称手写笔记可能让学生更好地掌握内容。评论区从程序员和笔记实践者的角度补充：关键不在输入速度，而在纸笔的非线性空间、扩展工作记忆和促进思考。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
不要只用输入速度评判写作工具，真正重要的是它是否给思考留出空间。
- 02
用纸笔做非线性草稿：画箭头、草图、跨页连线，先把思路展开，再整理成文。
- 03
把纸笔用于构思和推演，把打字用于整理和存储，按写作阶段切换工具。
- 04
面对复杂问题时先手写拆解，借外部纸面扩展工作记忆，再动笔成文。
HN 评论精选
写作工具的速度不是关键，手写涂鸦能帮助思考并内化复杂问题。
我一直不理解“手写慢所以不好、打字快所以好”这种说法。作为程序员，我日常大部分工作是思考而不是书写；打字并不妨碍创造力，难的是想出正确解法。我工作时会不断在纸上记笔记帮助思考，调试时把栈跟踪写下来以便回溯，也记下待查事项。我知道自己逆潮流，但每周手写较长文章能帮我内化模式、解法和结论，最重要的是让我更好地思考要解决的问题。编程是创造性工作，不只是套用旧模式。
andreastt查看英文原文
I'm constantly bewildered by this notion that writing by hand is slow and thus bad, and that typing is fast and consequently good. In my daily routine work as a programmer I find most of my work consists of thinking rather than writing. Or to twist the words a little: I don't think my typing impairs my creative ability, because the hard part of my job is thinking out the right solution. If you can't hold that thought in your head without typing the solution into your program quick enough to run and test it, perhaps you're not seeing patterns clearly. As I work I constantly scribble notes on paper as I find it helps me think. When debugging a concrete problem, I find myself jotting down elements of the stack trace on paper so I can more easily retrace my steps. Concurrently I write down interesting things I come across that needs checking which I can return to when I'm done with my current line of thought. Yet I'm fully aware I'm moving against the tide. I occasionally write longer pieces by hand several times a week, such as theories and findings. This helps me internalise patterns, solutions, and conclusions to interesting problems. Occasionally there are patterns and I can correlate good solutions to a problem to one I've solved in the past. But foremost it helps me _think_ better about the types of problems I'm trying to solve. Programming is a creative discipline and not always about reapplying the same old patterns others have used before you. It's about craftsmanship and about learning the trade; about recognising those patterns and seeing new opportunity. More to the point, my limitation isn't the speed at which I type things into my computer. The limitation is my brain not thinking fast enough.
纸笔胜在非线性空间和灵活连接，打字工具的刚性会限制思考。
纸笔最关键的优势是“非线性”，而今天的打字工具是“线性”的。思维导图工具仍受较 rigid 的格式限制，不方便随时切换。纸上可以写一堆东西再画箭头、画图，或把第一行的内容和页尾冒出的相关点连起来。纸上思考更自由，能容纳更高维度的想法。无论打字多快，打字的僵化才是最大障碍；速度不应是重要因素，我可以边写边想，却不能边打字边想。我试过笔记本、手机、平板和可转换平板，纸仍最好用；纸上想好后，再转成 markdown 或手写稿存到电脑。
ssivark查看英文原文
The most crucial distinction where paper wins is that writing is a "nonlinear" process whereas typing with the tools we have today is "linear". You could use something like a mindmapping tool, but you're again constrained to a fairly rigid format rather than giving you the ease of switching. Eg: you can write down a bunch of things and draw arrows between them. Or draw a graph/sketch. Or draw a link between the thing you had on the first line and something related that came up towards the end of the page, etc. To me, that means that thinking on paper is much more free than typing, and one has available a space of a larger dimensionality, to represent one's ideas. However fast one can type, the rigidity of typing is the biggest obstacle, imho. I do not think speed of typing-vs-writing ought to be a significant factor; I can think while I write, but not while I type (but that may be because I've written a lot, over decades, as a student growing up in India -- and nowhere near as much typing). I've tried typing(laptop, phone, tablet), writing on a convertible tablet (Lenovo X230T and Xournal/linux) and paper is still the most usable, by far. Once I have something worked out on paper, I transfer the notes to the computer for storage -- either typed-up using markdown/Pandoc (since I use a lot of LaTeX math) or handwritten. Of late, I also occasionally use Google Keep for jotting down small things.
手写能扩展工作记忆和推理能力，打字速度并不是核心。
文章提到有研究称手写笔记让学生更好掌握内容。我觉得奇怪：有人赞手写是心智工具，另一些人却把写字当成某种“病症”。手写不是打字慢的症状，也不需要靠打字更快来补救。我用 Vim 盲打足够快，但如果不明白该写什么，速度毫无用处。纸笔能提升我的思考；没有纸笔实现算法时，我明显会部分“失能”，这不是夸张。算法复杂度超过某个阈值后，我无法把所有变量都记在脑中。纸笔像给了我三倍工作记忆和更强推理力。也许手写刺激更多脑区，从而产生更多联想。
fsloth查看英文原文
A quote from the article: "...a paper published in April in the journal Psychological Science... claim that note-taking with a pen, rather than a laptop, gives students a better grasp of the subject." I find it odd that when some praise handwriting as a great mental tool, others obviously consider this as a some sort of ... ailment? I assure you, handwriting is not a symptom of slow typing speed, and it does not need to be remedied by typing faster. With Vim I can touch type quite fast enough. But the typing speed is useless unless I can understand what I am supposed to write. Writing on paper improves my thinking to a point where I'm obviously partially incapacitated when implementing algorithms if I don't have a pen and paper at hand. And this is no exaggeration, I've tried in the past to go long periods without paper. There is a threshold in algorithmic complexity after which I cannot hold all the variables in my head that I need to work out the solution. The paper and pen feels like giving me 3x amount the working memory and increased reasoning skills. Maybe the act of handwriting stimulates more areas of the brain, thus creating more associations along the way?
先学草书有认知和教学理由：更自然、减少字母混淆，并衔接早期写作。
刚收到我四岁孩子蒙台梭利学校的邮件，解释为什么先教草书：幼儿涂鸦和早期绘画是流动、圆形的，更像草书，先学更自然；这个阶段孩子爱重复，适合练字；草书字母形状独特，能减少 b、d、p、q 混淆，印刷体则容易大小写混用；草书连笔也更高效。蒙台梭利还让孩子先写后读：三四岁学“写”，先学字母发音、认形和成形，再用可移动字母拼词。
gdilla查看英文原文
Funny, just got an email from my 4y/o's montessori school explaining why they start with cursive! "It is commonly asked why children learn cursive writing instead of print in Montessori classrooms. From a practical point of view, it is thought that very young children's scribbles and early drawings are flowing and circular, more like cursive writing; making it more natural to learn first. At the Casa level, children love to repeat things making it a good time to practice penmanship. Given the distinct shape of each cursive letter, there is less confusion and less tendency to reverse letters such as b, d, p, and q. In printing there can be a tendency to mix upper and lower case letters together (e.g. CaNada,) which does not usually happen with cursive letters. Cursive also seems to be a more efficient way of writing since the letters are joined together. Another reason stems from the fact that in Montessori schools children write before they read. In traditional schools, children in the first years of school are learning to read and write simultaneously and can be confused if they are learning to write in cursive and read in print. In Montessori, when the child is three and four years old, he is learning how to 'write'. He learns the sounds the letters make, learns to recognize them and learns how to form them. Once he knows the sounds, he can put sounds together to write words with the Movable Alphabet (cut out cursive letters that can be moved about freely and combined to make words) and eventually, with pencil and paper. For children who come to school knowing the alphabet names associated to print letters, it helps that the cursive letters look different when they learn the sounds of the letters. As a further step, children learn to read. When this happens they read print letters. Once children know the cursive letters, they are usually able to easily recognize the printed letters. So, they have the advantage over children who have learned to recognize print first and do not necessarily recognize cursive letters."
同类还值得读
不要想好再写，要写来思考
Don’t think to write, write to think
这篇短文主张不要把写作当成思考完成后的记录，而要把写作本身当作思考的工具：动笔的过程会逼出想不清楚的地方。
写作与思考2022 · 553 分 · 145 评4 条写作要点编辑精选写作即思考：学会自信地写作
Writing Is Thinking: Learning to Write with Confidence
这是一篇讲“写作即思考”的博客：作者认为写作不是把想好的东西誊写出来，而是借助写作本身把想法想清楚，因此写作者应当建立信心、敢于先写烂稿。
写作与思考2019 · 529 分 · 83 评4 条写作要点编辑精选如何用写作来思考
How to think in writing
这篇文章讨论的是「用写作来思考」：作者认为写作不只是把想清楚的东西表达出来，更是想清楚本身的工具——文字落在纸上，你才有机会看见自己思路里的跳跃、含混和漏洞。
写作与思考2024 · 424 分 · 120 评4 条写作要点编辑精选写作，帮你逃离默认的人生设置
Write to Escape Your Default Setting
文章的核心主张就写在标题里：写作是帮你逃离「默认设置」的手段——日常的思维和表达都有惯性默认的默认模式，而落笔能逼你跳出来，重新看清自己到底在想什么、要说什么。
写作与思考2025 · 407 分 · 93 评4 条写作要点编辑精选写作就是思考
Writing is thinking
文章以“写作即思考”为题，讨论写作不只是把已有想法记录下来，而是帮助澄清、组织和推进思考的过程。
写作与思考2025 · 330 分 · 128 评4 条写作要点编辑精选