写作方法2016newyorker.com编辑精选
如何克服写作瓶颈
How to beat writers' block
导读
这篇《纽约客》文章讨论如何克服写作障碍：核心是"允许出错"、承认创作是非线性的过程，并通过逃离外部与内部的评判来恢复想象力。值得写作者读，是因为评论区还给出了把写作拆成多环节流程、关屏盲打等可操作的做法，也有人给出"写作障碍是神话，写作就是干活"的强硬反方立场。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
把写作看成一条多环节的流水线（找素材、粗切、打磨、呈现），卡住时先判断卡在哪一环，常常要退回上游补素材，而不是对着空白硬憋。
- 02
初稿阶段主动关掉内心的编辑：允许出错，先产出一堆可以修改的粗坯，改总比写容易。
- 03
用一个"永远不会被人读"的载体写作（比如梦境日记），暂时逃离自我评判，提醒自己仍有想象新东西的能力。
- 04
接受创作是大量试错、非线性推进的过程，别要求自己一开始就知道终点在哪。
HN 评论精选
把写作拆成多环节流程，卡壳时先定位在哪一环并往上游退，而非硬写。
我长期思考并写了大量关于写作障碍的东西。我喜欢把写作（或任何创作）想成制造钻石：先找到原料、钻取出来、弄清它是什么、分离、切割、打磨、镶嵌、展示、出售。卡壳可能发生在任何环节——素材不够、不知道怎么切手里这块石头、工具不对，或者这件事本身不值得做。关键是跳出当下看全局，往往要往流程上游退；有时干脆整个放弃，以后再回来。他也引用安东尼·波登的话：写作是特权和奢侈，抱怨写作障碍的人该去整天洗鱿鱼。
visakanv查看英文原文
I've thought very long and hard (and written loads) about writer's block, and have made a lot of personal progress in dealing with it. [I'm currently 550,000+ words into a "write a million words" project.] I'd be happy to chat about it with anybody who struggles with it. I like to think of writing (or any creative work, really) as a large-scale process with many intermediate steps, like say, producing diamonds. You have to start by locating the raw materials, drilling them out, getting a sense of what they are, isolating them, cut them up, polish them, set them, present them, sell them. Block can happen at any point along the process. It could be that you don't have enough raw material. It could be that you're not sure how to cut the particular stone that you have. It could be that you've got the wrong tools for the job, or that the job itself is not worth doing. The challenge is to zoom out from the present moment and to see the bigger picture, and often to move upstream in the process. Sometimes you need to abandon the process altogether, and maybe return to it later. The creative person's anxiety and paranoia can seem like a petty thing compared to say, somebody who has to deal with "real" problems. (I'm reminded of Anthony Bourdain saying "Cooking professionally is hard work. Writing is a privilege and a luxury. Anybody who whines about writers block should be forced to clean squid all day") It's a fair point. That said, I think it's useful to try and understand what exactly the block is. It's fear, anxiety, attachment to outcome, a sense of incompetence and worthlessness. Elizabeth Gilbert also has a great TED talk on dealing with that, about separating your self-esteem from your work: https://www.ted.com/talks/elizabeth_gilbert_on_genius?language=en
关屏盲打 20 分钟强制产出初稿，再回头修改。
最近学到一个关掉内心编辑的好办法：把笔记本屏幕关掉，看不见自己在打什么，定时盲打一段时间。这样能"允许出错"，不去纠结每个词。他通常 20 分钟左右就能打出几百字，然后开屏，就有东西可改、可打磨了。
wcaleb查看英文原文
Recently I learned a good trick for turning of your internal editor while writing, which is one of the things discussed in the essay. Try turning the screen of your laptop off so that you can't see what you are typing, and just type away for a set period of time. This helps you "allow for error" and not worry over every word or phrase you are putting down. I can usually get hundreds of words out of this trick in just 20 minutes or so, after which you can turn the screen back on and have something to edit, revise, and polish.
允许出错、逃离评判、接受试错，是面对不确定的核心心态。
摘要：允许出错、并认识到创作是多么非线性，是突破写作障碍的关键一步；逃离外部和内部的评判很有用，比如写在明知永远不会被读的梦境日记里——它提醒你，无论多卡，你仍有想象新东西的能力，哪怕那东西又小又傻。这种逃离让写作者在不确定中安身，给头脑自由想象的空间，哪怕想象的东西荒唐、无关紧要、跟任何写作项目都没关系。有创造力的人做大量试错，往往走到那一步才知道自己要去哪。
Dowwie查看英文原文
TL;DR excerpts: - allowing for error—and realizing how nonlinear a process creativity can be—was an essential step for overcoming blocks in writing - It’s useful to escape from external and internal judgment—by writing, for instance, in a dream diary, which you know will never be read—even if it’s only for a brief period... [your dream] serves as a reminder that, no matter how blocked you may be, you still have the capacity to imagine something new—no matter how small and silly it may seem - Such escapes allow writers to find comfort in the face of uncertainty; they give writers’ minds the freedom to imagine, even if the things they imagine seem ludicrous, unimportant, and unrelated to any writing project. - Creative people do a lot of trial and error and rarely know where they are going exactly until they get there
写作障碍是借口，靠纪律和持续产出硬扛过去。
写作障碍是个神话。写作就是干活：把屁股按在椅子上，把活干完。创造力是一种天职，不是天上掉下来的灵感。想摆脱低谷？就一直产出，直到它变好为止，仅此而已。想健身？好好吃饭加锻炼。
weeksie查看英文原文
Writers' block is a myth. Writing is work. Put your ass in a seat and get the job done. Creativity is a vocation, not a bolt from heaven. You want to beat a slump? Produce more work until it gets better. That's all. Want to get fit? Eat right and exercise.
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