写作方法2017downes.ca编辑精选
如何快速而专业地写文章与随笔（2006）
How to Write Articles and Essays Quickly and Expertly (2006)
导读
这是 Stephen Downes 2006 年一篇关于如何快速且专业地写文章与随笔的经典短文。值得写作者读，是因为它给出可操作的流程思路，而评论区几位长期写作者又补充了各自验证过的具体方法：问题式提纲、短冲刺写作、通用文章骨架。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
把提纲写成一组按逻辑递进的问题，写作时只负责逐个回答，能大幅降低启动阻力。
- 02
用 3–5 分钟的短冲刺先写出草稿，中途不改语法和拼写，完稿后再统一理顺行文、补例证、最后校语法。
- 03
套用“引出问题—定义解释—举例或研究—行动号召”的骨架，并配一个抓人且承诺价值的开头。
- 04
写得越多越有素材惯性：与其等灵感，不如先动笔，让大脑进入持续产出点子的循环。
HN 评论精选
把提纲写成一组递进的问题，分短冲刺逐个作答，最后统一编辑成文。
我曾多年写每周技术专栏。最有效的方法是先把内容整理成一系列问题当提纲——我用 5 个按逻辑递进的问题，比如“这项技术为什么对小微企业重要？”。定好问题后，我分成几分钟（不超过 5 分钟）的短冲刺，不管语法拼写，逐个回答问题。全部答完后，再删掉问题、理顺行文、补充引用和支撑事实，最后做语法检查（赶稿时常交给编辑）。这样我写出了 200 多篇 800–1000 字的文章，即使没灵感或根本不想写也能周复一周地交稿。
joewee查看英文原文
I had to write a weekly technology column for a number of years. The best method I found was to prepare a outline of the content you are going to write as a series of questions. For my column I used 5 questions in a logical progression. Example question might be "Why is this technology important to small businesses?" Once I defined the questions, I wrote in sprints without correcting grammar or spelling to answer each of the questions. Sprints were a few minutes, not more than 5. When I answered all of the questions I would go back and remove the questions and edit for flow and add references and supporting facts. Last would be a grammar check, but I relied on my editor to review that given that I was often writing on deadline. I produced more than 200 articles of 800-1000 words. Week over week even when I had writers block or no desire to write at all.
多产的秘诀是持续写作带来的素材惯性——先动笔，内容会跟上。
以我的经验，快速且专业地写文章的关键就是大量地写，并有意识地打磨技艺。写作是复杂技能，需要长时间、一点一滴地积累，越往后越快越好。不只是练习，还有惯性：写得越多，大脑越会自动寻找可写的素材，想点子并把它们落到纸上的速度也越快。编程、运动、游戏等技能加创意的事都如此。技巧确实有用，但我最大的障碍始终是“有没有值得说的东西”，而最快的办法就是先动笔。于是有个悖论：想多产，就先让自己多产。
munchbunny查看英文原文
In my own experiences, the key to writing essays quickly and expertly is just writing a lot of essays and consciously trying to hone your craft. Writing is a complex skill that takes lots of time and attention in little incremental steps, and the further you go the faster/better you get. It's more than just practice though. It's also momentum. I find that the more I write, the more my brain passively seeks more material to write, and so I get faster at generating ideas and putting them on paper. This happens with programming too - the more I do, the faster I get at coming up with ideas and prototyping them. Same with sports, gaming, really everything that combines skill and creativity. I get more creative by just doing it more. Certainly there's real technique to writing quickly, but I've always found that my own biggest barrier was having something meaningful to say, and the fastest way to get into a rhythm of actually coming up with meaningful things to say was to just start putting words down in the first place. Which leads to the paradox: you become prolific by trying to be prolific.
问题—定义—例证—行动号召的四段式结构，加抓人的开头，通用性强。
我从很多来源（从 Yudkowsky 的理性文章到 John Oliver 的节目）总结出一个常见文章结构：1) 引出问题或概念（社会议题、偏见或有用的思维工具）；2) 定义并解释它是什么；3) 给几个例子或研究；4) 行动号召——提出解决方案、去偏见方法或现实应用。再加一个抓人眼球、承诺价值的开头。这个结构很通用，很多题材都能用。
rayalez查看英文原文
Here's a common essay structure I've picked up on, from many sources(From Eliezer Yudkowsky's rationality articles to John Oliver's Last Week Tonight) 1. Introduce a problem/concept - can be a social issue, bias, or a useful cognitive tool. 2. Define/explain what it is. 3. Give several examples or studies. 4. Call to action - propose a solution, debiasing, or a practical real life application. Also add an intro that grabs attention and promises value. This seems to work well and I like it a lot, it gives me a pretty universal way to write on many subjects.
把想法拆成小块，是克服“公开写作恐惧”的关键方向。
我觉得这篇文章很有用，因为深有同感。把内容写成超过几句零散句子，要耗费我巨大精力。公众演讲恐惧很常见，而我更像是“公开写作恐惧”。我仍在寻找把想法拆解成片段的高效方法，而问题提纲法算是其中一种思路。
mikkqu查看英文原文
I personally have found the article pretty informative as I can relate to the topic very well. Takes me enormous amount of energy to write something that's more than a few random sentences together. There is a well-known fear of public speaking and in my case it's more like a fear of public writing. Still looking for an efficient way to break thoughts down into pieces and that's one way to approach it.
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