出版与作家生涯2018theguardian.com
法国书店抗议：文学奖选中亚马逊自出版小说
French bookshops revolt after prize selects novel self-published on Amazon
导读
法国一项文学奖把奖项颁给了一本作者自费在亚马逊CreateSpace上出版的小说，引发传统书店抗议。这篇讨论值得写作者读，因为它把"作品好不好"与"书从哪里来"这两件事拆开来看：当传统出版渠道拒绝一本书时，作者绕过守门人自行出版，到底该被指责还是被承认？对写作者来说，这是关于出版路径、渠道权力与作品评价之间关系的现实案例。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
先分清事实层级：这本书是作者自费出版（CreateSpace），而不是亚马逊作为出版方出的书——写作与转述争议时，一个定语错了，整场讨论就会跑偏。
- 02
把"渠道之争"和"内容评价"分开论述：反对亚马逊挤压实体书店是一回事，因为作品来自亚马逊就否定它则是另一回事，混在一起说会削弱自己的论点。
- 03
用类比推进论证：把"奖给Netflix出品的电影"与"奖给亚马逊自出版的小说"并置，能让读者迅速看懂争议的实质，这是评论写作里很有效的写法。
- 04
写作时可以指出悖论：传统出版社判断这本书卖不动才导致作者自出版，书店此时拒认它，逻辑上矛头指错了对象——揭示这种自相矛盾往往比表态更有说服力。
HN 评论精选
要区分"作者自出版"与"亚马逊出版"，反对渠道垄断不等于否定内容本身。
这篇《卫报》文章信息更实在。基本情况是：这位作者以前出版过别的书，但新书找不到出版社，于是自己在亚马逊的CreateSpace上出版——所以这不是亚马逊出版的书，我一开始误以为是这样。这跟把奥斯卡颁给一部Netflix出品、最初只能在Netflix上看到的电影有区别吗？亚马逊正在挤垮书店，抵制这件事完全没问题；但仅仅因为内容来自亚马逊就抵制，听起来很荒谬，或者说是保护主义。
Jun8查看英文原文
The Guardian article quoted here is a bit more substantive (https://www.theguardian.com/books/2018/sep/15/french-bookshops-revolt-after-prize-selects-novel-self-published-on-amazon). Basic story is: Author (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Koskas, no English wikipedia page) who had other books published, could not find a publisher for his latest book, so self publishes it on Amazon's Createspace. So, this is not a book published by Amazon, which I first thought was the case. Is this any different from, say, giving an Oscar to a movie that Netflix produced and only available (at least initially) through it? See here for a discussion on precisely this question: https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/11/netflix-the-oscars-the-battle-for-the-future-of-film Amazon is stamping out bookstores, so fighting against that, I think, is perfectly OK; however, pushing back against original content just because it came from Amazon sounds absurd or protectionist.
争议已偏离作品本身，变成渠道与行业利益的博弈，唯一做对的是作者。
这事有点奇怪，甚至矛盾：作者之所以独立出版，是因为法国那些体面的出版社认为这书卖不动。现在亚马逊介入、成了获得此书的唯一途径，书店老板们就拒绝……拒绝什么呢？承认这是一本他们没法上架的书？不，这已经不关于书了，而是关于保护书店老板免受亚马逊和那些拒绝出书的出版社伤害。另外，这本书只能在亚马逊上买到，这点让我很费解——也许是亚马逊的霸王条款，也许是作者赌气。整件事里唯一做对的人，就是自费出版了一本好书的作者，其他人都失去了理智。
dschuetz查看英文原文
It's a bit strange though, paradoxical even. Someone publishes a book independently, because posh french publishers didn't think the book would sell. Now that Amazon is involved and being the only way to obtain the book the bookstore owners refuse to... what exactly? Acknowledge it as a book they cannot put on a shelf? But, no! It's not about the book anymore! It's all about defending bookstore owners from Amazon and publishers who refuse to publish books. Also, the issue that it's available exclusively via Amazon is mind-boggling to me. Perhaps it's one of Amazon's exploitative terms and conditions? Or perhaps the author's vindictive reaction? The only person that did everything right in this whole mess is the author who self-published a good book. Everyone else has lost their minds.
矛头指错了对象：真正没接住这本书的是传统出版社。
我不太理解。既然是传统出版社没接这本书，亚马逊怎么就威胁到书店的生计了？书店老板们不是更应该对出版社无法正常覆盖市场感到不满吗？
kbar13查看英文原文
i don't get it. how is amazon threatening the bookshops' livelihood when it was the traditional publishers who didn't pick up the book? shouldn't bookshop owners be upset that publishers aren't able to scale properly?
法国出版与零售受监管保护太深，缺乏像美国沃尔玛那样的市场化挑战者。
（以下纯属个人观点，欢迎点踩，但更希望留下回复让我学习。）欧洲整体、尤其法国，似乎完全没准备好应对技术和互联网仍在带来的变化。在我看来，市场里满是根深蒂固、僵化的行业，它们靠几十年的政府保护养肥了，遇到问题时的自然反应就是：要更多政府保护。亚马逊虽强势，但至少在美国有沃尔玛这个尚在成形的对手——一家拼命往线上扑的大型零售商。美国的体制让另一个"超级整合"的赢家去转身挑战亚马逊。法国对亚马逊的回应在哪？法国没有大型全国零售连锁吗？为什么看不到企业互相并购、像组装战神金刚一样对抗亚马逊这样的巨兽？我不成熟的印象是：竞争与监管环境不允许——解雇与雇佣的法律、限制图书打折的法律、公司收购的法律。否则，那些生存全靠宽松监管优待的行业，怎么会除了要更多监管优待（第13条、第11条、被遗忘权、以及那一整套"反竞争行为"罚款的把戏）之外，完全拿科技巨头没办法？
jfasi查看英文原文
Warning: raw personal opinion ahead. You're welcome to downvote, but I'd prefer it if you left a response so I can learn something. Europe in general but France in particular seems completely unprepared for the changes technology and the web are still rolling out. The market seems to me to be a morass of entrenched, sclerotic industries that grew fat after decades of governmental protection. Naturally, in many cases the response is simple: more governmental protection. As dominant as Amazon it, at least in the US is has a nascent rival in Walmart, a massive retail chain that's frantically piling onto the internet to try to catch up. The American system has produced a challenger to Amazon's mega-consolidation by seeing another champion of mega-consolidation attempt to pivot its business. Where is France's answer to Amazon? Does France not have large national retail chains? Why are we not seeing companies to buying one another up in order to form like Voltron against a large threat like Amazon? My (admittedly uninformed) impression is: because the competitive and regulatory environment doesn't seem allow for it. Laws on hiring and firing workers. Laws limiting discounts on books. Laws governing corporate takeovers. Why else would industries whose very existence depends on cushy regulatory favors have no way of dealing with tech giants besides more regulatory favors (Article 13, Article 11, Right to be Forgotten, the entire charade of fines for "anti-competitive behavior")? Instead of ripping off the bandaid and establishing a new and competitive economy by deregulating, taking the hit, and nurturing a new generation of cutthroat competition, France and the EU has protected its weakest and least-competitive industries, to the detriment of its people and the world at large.
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