出版与作家生涯2018caixinglobal.com
中国论文代写丑闻，揭开庞大的灰色市场
Chinese Thesis Ghostwriting Scandal Reveals Huge Gray Market
导读
这篇报道讲的是中国论文代写灰色市场的规模与运作方式：学生付费，写手代笔，机构从中撮合。对写作者来说，它像一面镜子：写作能力被明码标价成商品，说明“把零散材料组织成一篇合格文章”本身就是稀缺技能；同时它也提醒我们，无法署名的写作等于替别人积累信誉。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
代写者常常并不精通专业，只是把客户提供的笔记和数据组织成连贯论证——练结构和逻辑，比堆砌术语更能直接提升写作水平。
- 02
“什么题目都能写”是一种可迁移的通用能力：表达清晰、论证有序比领域知识更值钱，值得优先打磨。
- 03
不能署名的写作是在替他人积累信誉；写作者应主动建立自己的作品档案与署名记录。
- 04
当“合格”可以被购买时，真正难以替代的是第一手材料、个人判断和真实经验，而不是格式正确。
HN 评论精选
代写者的核心竞争力是通用写作能力而非专业知识，代价却是永远无法署名。
我朋友靠写这类论文谋生，客户主要是澳大利亚大学里的中国学生。他非常聪明，什么题目都能写（学生通常会提供笔记和数据，所以考验的更多是写作而非专业知识）。让我不满的是，这种现象很普遍，大学也知道（或者故意装傻）。与其打击那些既交学费又花钱雇人代笔的人，不如花力气找出真正在写这些论文、并让这套系统运转起来的人，让他们去做助教、教授或学生助理。总有人会作弊，随他们去，最终骗的是自己，公司招聘时自会甄别。与其花钱清除作弊者，不如花钱扶持诚实的人；更好的办法是直接把钱从作弊者手里转移到诚实者手里——其实现在就是这么运转的，只不过藏在暗处。对我这位完全适合学术界的朋来说，这就是他的收入模式。我希望有一天他写的所有论文都能署上他的名字。
RileyJames查看英文原文
My friend makes a living writing these kinds of papers, primarily for Chinese students in Australian universities. He’s brilliant and can write on any subject (often the students provide notes / data, so it’s more about writing than topic knowledge). What annoys me is that this is rampant, and universities know it (or they’re intentionally being naive). But rather than crack down on those who are paying course fees, plus paying someone else to do their work. It would be nice if they put some effort into finding those who are actually writing all these papers and enabling them. Make them tutors, professors, ‘student assistants’, what ever. Some people will always cheat, who cares. In the end they cheat themselves, and it’s up to companies to screen people to ensure they actually have the capabilities they require. Rather than spend on removing the cheaters, spend on enabling the honest. Or even better, transfer directly from the cheaters to the honest, which is effectively what happens, but in the shadows. But for my friend, who is a perfect match for academia, this is his funding model. I hope one day he can be credited with all the papers he’s actually written.
作品集和线上信誉同样可以被购买，展示物一旦能造假就失去了信号价值。
不只是论文，现在中国的 GitHub 也被滥用：你付钱，就有人帮你建仓库、刷 star，让你求职时能展示“你的”项目，这已经成了一门生意。还有一批人替你过电话面试和远程在线编程测试，直到你拿到现场面试——因为不是所有电话面试都有视频。这也确实帮不少人进了好公司。
ausjke查看英文原文
Not just that, github is abused in china now, you pay and they will set up a repo for you, star it for you, so you can show your potential employer "your" github repo, it's a business operation now. There is another group of people that will take the phone interview and the remote online coding test for you until you get an onsite interview, since not all phone interview has video chat. That too helped quite some to get accepted into good companies eventually.
作弊不只是能力不足，更是对失败的恐惧与同伴间的沉默契约，能力强的人也会被系统裹挟。
我的看法是：前苏联阵营国家也有这种情况，我在俄罗斯读过高中的一部分。差生作弊，好学生也作弊，只有少数古怪的原则主义者拒绝这套系统，而他们普遍被讨厌，因为“让所有人的日子更难过”。你能理解差生的理由：不这样他们根本做不到。但好学生为什么也作弊？这是俄罗斯最让我吃惊的地方——一种巨大而病态的、对失败的恐惧，弥漫在整个“有社会地位”的阶层。其次是社会契约：成绩优异的学生开始互相抄袭时，就形成一种“缄默法则”，把同伴间的契约封死。俄罗斯大多数有钱有势的人都刻意教孩子这样行事：去接近、讨好其他特权者。对年幼的心灵来说，“人生中一切特权都来自加入特权者的排他圈子”这套逻辑很难反驳……
baybal2查看英文原文
My stance on that: ex-bloc countries have that¸ I tell you as one who did part of my high school in Russia. Weak students cheat, strong students cheat, and only few cranky principled oddballs reject the system and shout "Hey you, ex university prof, throw whatever you want at me, I'll solve it and shred it to pieces" - those being universally hated for "making life harder for everybody" My mom once had fun listening to shitty talks from parents of other students along the lines "hey, can you tell your boy to quiet down a bit, he raises the plank to high for the rest of the class" You can understand weak students' reasons: they simply can't do it otherwise. But why do strong ones cheat? That what dazzled me about Russians, and Russia in general. What that was is the gigantic, monstrous, totally pathological fear of failure that permeates country's "socially endowed classes." And secondary to that is the element of social pact: when pupils with excellent marks begin cheating and copying from one another, they begin to embrace the "omerta" created by this, sealing their social contract with their peers. Most rich, powerful people in Russia teach their children very intentionally to behave along the lines - get close and sycophantic with others privileged people. And you know, to infirm young minds, the reasoning that any privilege one gets in life is through joining some "exclusive social clubs" of other privileged people, is hard to challenge, especially when this comes from their parents. And after some time, their children become completely accustomed to not to taking upon any challenge straight, because they genuinely believe that even simplest things in life are not doable without tricks, cheats, and favours from other power powerful people. This is the culture in which social elites in Russia grow up. After being around mainlanders for 11 years while working in electronics, I feel it is very much the same for them. For both of above reasons, people from both nations are extremely afraid of challenge, and more so when you deal with people higher up on the social ladder.
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