写作方法2020news.ycombinator.com编辑精选
Ask HN：我该如何提升自己的写作水平
Ask HN: How can I improve my writing
导读
一位开发者苦恼于写不出流畅的博客和文档，在 HN 上求助，回帖者给出了从心态、习惯到具体技巧的建议。对写作者来说，这篇讨论把"写不好"这个模糊的焦虑拆解成了可操作的问题：先有内容、一次只讲一件事、用路标句过渡、靠反复删改而不是一次成型。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
动笔前先确认自己"有东西要说"，如果脑子里有两件事，先说完第一件再说第二件，不要混在一段里。
- 02
初稿不必追求专业和完美，先允许自己写得乱，把想法倒出来，把质量留给修改阶段。
- 03
修改时狠心删：去掉不必要的词句和行话术语，用最清楚的方式把观点送到读者面前。
- 04
长文要主动"设路标"，比如"讲完 X，接下来可以说说 Y 为什么有意思"，读者才不会迷路。
HN 评论精选
一次只说一件事，并用路标句标明思路的转折。
这是我收到过最好的写作建议，出自 George Polya："文体第一法则是要有东西可说；第二法则是当你碰巧有两件事要说时，要控制住自己——先说一件，再说另一件，而不是同时说。"你写的段落在我看来并不显得不专业。改善行文"流畅度"最好的办法，是清楚知道一个想法在哪里结束、另一个在哪里开始。写长文时可以有意识地"设路标"，说一些元层面的话，比如"既然我已经解释了 X，现在可以说明 Y 为什么有意思了"。
Gormisdomai查看英文原文
This is the best writing advice I ever received: "The first rule of style is to have something to say. The second rule of style is to control yourself when, by chance, you have two things to say; say first one, then the other, not both at the same time." It's a quote by George Polya. The paragraphs you have written don't seem unprofessional to me. The best way to improve the "flow" of ideas when you write is to have a clear idea of where one idea ends and the other starts. For longer pieces of writing, consider intentionally "signposting", by saying meta things like "now that I have explained X, I can set out why Y is so interesting".
固定时间坐到桌前，允许自己写得很糟，靠习惯而非灵感。
诀窍就是经常坐到桌前，一直等到写作自己发生。不写也没关系，但除了写作什么都不能做；写什么都行，不管语法、内容质量甚至主题。时间够长，练习自然会让你成为好作者。
el_programmador查看英文原文
The trick is to go and sit at your desk regularly until writing comes on its own. Its all right if you don't write, but you're not supposed to do anything else. And write anything you feel like ignoring grammar, content quality or even subject. Given enough time, practice will ensure that you'll become a good writer. Link to article (shameless plug)[1]: Write, Write and Write should be your Mantra - Procrastination is the Writer's only enemy in 90% of cases [1] https://freelancemag.blogspot.com/2019/11/write-write-and-write-should-be-your.html
好文章是改出来的：无情删改、去术语、追求清楚。
你来问怎么提高写作，这本身就是极好的第一步。我认为写作是大多数职业中最被低估的技能，无论你做什么工作，写作都是其中一部分，技术和科研岗位尤其如此。我读过最好的写作书是 William Zinsser 的《On Writing Well》，篇幅短、很好读，一个周末的闲读就能读完。Zinsser 的核心观点我完全赞同：好文章其实是反复改写出来的。无情地编辑，删掉多余的词句，专注于清楚地把观点传达出去，尽可能去掉行话。只要你肯花时间把稿子重读重写几遍，结果一定比原来好。
sjperez查看英文原文
The fact that you're asking about how to improve your writing is a fantastic first step. I think writing is the most undervalued skill in most professions. No matter what your job is, writing is part of it. That very much includes technical and scientific jobs. So kudos to you for even thinking about this skill--it's one that many people ignore. The best book on writing that I have read is On Writing Well, by William Zinsser. It's short and very accessible. Zinsser does a great job of laying out why writing is so hard and how to tackle everything from fiction writing to non-fiction technical writing. You can finish the book in a weekend of leisurely reading and come back to it as often as you like. Zinsser's main point, which I agree with wholeheartedly, is that great writing is really about great re-writing. Edit mercilessly, remove unnecessary words and phrases, and focus on getting your point across in a clear manner. Remove jargon wherever possible. If you take the time to re-read and re-write your work several times over, you can't help but create something better than you started with.
写不出来的根源可能是完美主义，而不是技巧不足。
Linda Flower 的《Problem Solving Strategies for Writing》是我短暂社区大学经历中唯一保留下来的教材，它从设计的角度切入写作，提供了很好的基础。不过在我看来，你更像是被完美主义困住了，那也许才是你真正该去改善的地方。
CodeWriter23查看英文原文
“Problem Solving Strategies for Writing” by Linda Flower is the only textbook I kept from my brief community college experience. It provided a good foundation that approaches writing from a design perspective. That book may help, but it sounds to me like you suffer from perfectionism. That may be the area you want to investigate for self-improvement.
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