写作与思考2022dreamsongs.com
Lisp 与写作的艺术
The Art of Lisp and Writing
导读
这是 Lisp 社区元老 Richard P. Gabriel 的一篇随笔，他把编程语言的设计与演化比作写作，谈什么样的文字才有自己的"声音"，也谈技术共同体里范式与观念的兴衰更替。对写作者来说值得一读：它示范了如何用个人立场和叙事感写技术话题，同时也暴露出"带情绪写作"容易踩的坑。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
让文章有可辨识的"声音"和个人立场，读者即便不同意你的论断，也愿意把文章读完。
- 02
表达对行业变迁的不满时，要把情绪落到可核查的事实上，否则容易被读成"酸葡萄"，反而削弱说服力。
- 03
引用名言或数据前先核实出处，误传的归因一旦被读者指出，整篇的可信度都会受损。
- 04
面对"理论不断被推翻"这类流行论调，主动援引已有的反例或反驳，论述会更立体。
HN 评论精选
赞赏其风格与声音，但认为抱怨领域变迁的段落像"酸葡萄"，情绪需要事实支撑。
我喜欢这篇文章的写作风格和声音。我不认同其中一些论断，但读得很享受，大多数技术类文章做不到这一点。不过有一段读起来像酸葡萄：作者说他和 Guy Steele 创办的期刊 LASC 被改名为 HOSC，他主要的会议 L&FP 被改名为 ICFP，并为此沮丧，理由是当年 Lisp 圈曾在他们缺少发表渠道时撑住了这些会议，等 Lisp 衰落时对方却关上了门，而且这像是学界把他的研究领域删除了。可实际改变的只是 Lisp 不再居于中心，两个名字都改成了允许其他语言、其他媒介为各自主题做贡献；Common Lisp 是门好语言，但不是终极语言，甚至不是终极的"编程媒介"，把它当作终点，反而人为限制了 Lisp 用户和未来语言设计者。当然，如果改名确实意味着 Lisp 被排除在外，上面的话就不成立，但我没做任何查证。
NoahTheDuke查看英文原文
I like the writing style and voice in this essay. I disagree with some of the assertions but I enjoyed my time reading, which doesn’t happen a lot with most tech-related essays. I will say, however, that this paragraph felt like sour grapes: > As examples, the scientific journal Guy Steele and I founded called Lisp and Symbolic Computation (LASC) had been renamed Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation (HOSC), and my primary scientific conference called Lisp and Functional Programming (L&FP) had been renamed the International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP). I was discouraged for two reasons. One was that during the 1980s when functional programming researchers had few outlets, many of us Lispers kept the lights on at L&FP for them, and later when Lisp was on the decline, they shut the door. And the other is that this seemed to signal that my field of inquiry had been deleted by the academy. All that’s changed is that Lisp isn’t primary anymore; they are both titled to allow other languages and other media to contribute to their respective focuses. Common Lisp is a good language but it’s not the final language nor even the final “programming medium”, so acting like it is artificially limits both Common Lisp users and future language designers who could all benefit from that cross-pollination. Now maybe the change of names is shorthand for lisp actually being excluded from the journal and conference, which nullifies the above, but without doing any research at all lol, I doubt it.
名言归因常被误传，引用前应当核实。
更有意思的是，那句关于过早优化的话到底是不是 Hoare 说的，其实并不清楚。引文里的文章做了很好的梳理，结论是它确实出自 Knuth。
martinhath查看英文原文
> Interestingly, the results of this optimization are well-described by Hoare's Dictum, often mistakenly attributed to Donald Knuth, which states More interestingly, it is not clear at all that it's Hoares. [0] has a nice overview, and they conclude that it is indeed Knuths. [0]: https://shreevatsa.wordpress.com/2008/05/16/premature-optimization-is-the-root-of-all-evil/
流行论调往往早有现成的反驳，写作者应主动引用以显示论述的平衡。
这种感慨相当常见，阿西莫夫专门写过一篇文章反驳它。
aidenn0查看英文原文
> Scientists, though, perhaps because of their desire for accuracy and precision have had the worst luck of all in pinning down the truth of the universe. Philosophers and historians of science have pointed out and speculated on how scientific theories come and go—through refinement, through revolution, or even through anarchy. This sentiment is common enough that Asimov wrote a refutation of it: https://hermiene.net/essays-trans/relativity_of_wrong.html
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