小说与文学2014nytimes.com
文学先驱加夫列尔·加西亚·马尔克斯逝世，享年87岁
Gabriel García Márquez, Literary Pioneer, Dies at 87
导读
这是加西亚·马尔克斯去世时《纽约时报》讣闻下的读者讨论。评论者们回忆他如何用语言本身（而不只是情节）来推动叙事，并反复提到《百年孤独》那句著名的开篇，对写作者来说，这是一个观察“句子如何制造时间感与命运感”的好样本。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
把语言当作叙事工具而不只是载体：用绵长缠绕的句子慢慢编织，让读者像慢慢喝枫糖浆一样被裹进故事。
- 02
开篇可以同时牵住未来与过去——『多年以后……会想起那个遥远的下午』一句话就建立了时间的回环与宿命感。
- 03
精心设计的结构可以是一场『美丽的骗局』：先用看似铺陈的长段描述缠绕读者，再以一次突变揭示前文全是铺垫。
- 04
把故事牢牢扎进一个具体的地域神话，反而能让它对所有读者都显得真实——特殊里才长得出普遍。
HN 评论精选
语言本身就是叙事装置，长句的缠绕与突转可以设计成一次精心布局的阅读体验。
光喜欢讲故事还不够，你还得爱语言。他用极长、缠绕的句子编织叙事，有时故意让人难以跟上，但跟着他的大脑走极其过瘾，像慢慢喝下一杯枫糖浆。最好的例子是《族长的秋天》开头十几页：叙述者用横跨整页的长句一点点缠绕『已经发生的事』，直到你察觉它转向了『即将发生的事』，然后一拳砸在桌上，你才明白前面那段描述其实是一场美丽的铺垫。他的书不适合在嘈杂环境里读。
simonsarris查看英文原文
Oh my. A paragon of magical realism and my second favorite author. Rest in peace. Liking storytelling alone is sometimes not enough to like Marquez, you have to love language too. He uses (some might say abuses) language to impact his storytelling, often using incredibly long, convoluted sentences to weave his narrative. It can be hard to follow, sometimes intentionally, but I find it enormously satisfying to read and follow along with his brain. Like slowly drinking a maple syrup of words. One of the best examples is the first 15 or so[1] pages of Autumn of the Patriarch[2], where the narrator winds this thread of what has happened slowly, using sentences that span pages, until you realize a shift from what has happened to a sort of what is about to happen. Then a fist slams on the table and the realization strikes you that the first part of the description was a kind of set up, this beautiful ruse. I wish I could be more descriptive but it would give away the delight. It's a great book about terror and despotism. Marquez is not the kind of thing you can read in a noisy environment. At least I can't. I adore him so much. I could write a eulogy for days. If you've never read him, please take a moment to read one of my favorite short stories, A Very Old Man With Enormous Wings http://simonsarris.com/lit/a-very-old-man-with-enormous-wings (I've hosted a copy of it (and many more short stories) for ages because most of the copies on the web are plagued with ads and miserable formatting) If One Hundred Years of Solitude seems too long for you, I urge you to look into some of his very excellent shorter books, such as Autumn but also Of Love and Other Demons[3] and Love in the Time of Cholera.[4] (Chronicle of a Death Foretold is even shorter, but I do not recommend it as the first Marquez book you read!) [1] It could be the first 10 or 30 pages, it's been several years, but I am certain it's one of the better (and shorter) examples of his style. [2] http://www.amazon.com/dp/0060882867 [3] http://www.amazon.com/dp/1400034922 [4] http://www.amazon.com/dp/0307389731
一句话同时抛出未来结局与久远记忆，开篇即可建立时间纵深与命运感。
『多年以后，面对行刑队，奥雷里亚诺·布恩迪亚上校会想起父亲带他去看冰块的那个遥远下午。』史上最好的小说开篇。安息。
rjtavares查看英文原文
“Many years later, in front of the firing squad, colonel Aureliano Buendía would remember that distant afternoon his father took him to see ice." Best opening line of a book ever. RIP.
地域性极强的神话只要写得足够真切，就能跨越读者圈层变得普遍可感。
《百年孤独》是我家唯一一本全家人（我、妻子和三个孩子）都读过的书。文章说他的小说扎根于自创的神话式拉美风景，却有普遍的感染力。但文章远没有写出这本书的好：神话是哥伦比亚的，可对读者来说一切都真实。配合一本马尔克斯的文学传记一起读非常值得。顺便说，我的口味纯粹是科幻。
russell查看英文原文
"One Hundred Years of Solitude" was the only book that everyone in my family ever read, me, my wife and my three kids. "Mr. García Márquez, who received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982, wrote fiction rooted in a mythical Latin American landscape of his own creation, but his appeal was universal. His books were translated into dozens of languages. He was among a select roster of canonical writers — Dickens, Tolstoy and Hemingway among them — who were embraced both by critics and by a mass audience." from the article. But the article doesnt begin to do the book justice. The mythology is Colombian but it all is real to the reader. It is very worthwnile to read One Hundred Years along with a literary biography of Marquez. It was a wonderful experience for me. BTW my taste is purely science fiction.
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