小说与文学2014facebook.com编辑精选
关于小说的奇怪真相
The strange truth about fiction
导读
这篇笔记分析社交媒体上谣言（尤其是虚假谣言）的传播规律，并用词云展示真假谣言在语言使用上的差异。对写作者来说，它有助于理解故事和说法为何容易被相信、传播，以及可信度如何影响后续表达。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
谣言常借群体已有共识和“威胁/好结果”框架扩散，写故事时可利用这种群体心理来增强代入感。
- 02
真假叙述在用词和语气上可能存在差异，措辞的确定程度会影响读者对可信度的判断。
- 03
作者若传播虚假信息，可能削弱其后续内容的可信度和传播力，写作时要维护长期信誉。
- 04
若写作中涉及图表，颜色对比要保证信息可辨，避免用单色渐变表达关键差异。
HN 评论精选
谣言传播可归结为群体共识与信息级联机制。
谣言形成和持续传播背后的心理学大多属于羊群行为、可得性级联和信息级联。基本上都是因为一群人认定某个大家共同认可的事情很重要，比如重大威胁或特别好的结果。从公共政策到股价、网络模因和媒体丑闻，似乎都这样决定。
peterwwillis查看英文原文
It was hard for me to find again, so i'll leave this here if anyone else is interested. The psychology behind a lot of how rumors form and perpetuate fall under herd behavior, availability cascades and information cascades. Pretty much all of it is based on a group of people deciding that something they all agree on is important, such as a significant threat, or a particularly good outcome. Everything from public policy to stock market prices to internet memes and media scandals seem to be decided this way. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herd_behavior http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Availability_cascade http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_cascade
分享假信息可能影响作者可信度和后续传播力。
这引出了更多关于人类行为和社交媒体谣言传染性的问题。我特别想知道，分享假谣言是否会影响用户未来帖子的转发率。换句话说，用户的影响力和被感知的可信度，会不会在分享假谣言后下降？转发率下降可能是社区更怀疑、更知情的积极信号；转发率不变则不太乐观。
regoldste查看英文原文
Very interesting indeed. I think it raises many more questions than it answers about human behavior and the infectiousness of rumors in social media. I'd be particularly interested to see an analysis of whether sharing a false rumor has any effect on the reshare rate of a user's future posts. In other words: is a user's influence or perceived reliability (as measured by the relative rate of reshares of his/her future posts) diminished following the initial share of a false rumor? Reduced reshare rates could be a positive reflection of an increasingly skeptical and better-informed user community. Consistent reshare rates would be...a less optimistic sign.
受众的教育水平可能影响谣言分享行为。
这很有意思，我想知道按教育水平分段后数据会是什么样。看社交媒体信息流时，我注意到大学教育程度与否的人发布的内容有明显差异。当然这不是绝对保证，我也分享过假东西，可靠媒体也会犯错。但对我来说，数据会是支持更好、更普及教育的又一个有力论据——为了阻止那些谣言。
jmzbond查看英文原文
This is really interesting, and I remember reading something similar awhile ago and having the same thought as I had today. I wonder how this would look if they segmented the data by education levels. When I look through my social media news feed (or read BuzzFeed posts on the hilarious dumb things that have been said on the Internet), I see a very big difference in things that are posted, if just simply from those that are college-educated vs. those that are not. Certainly this is not a guarantee. I'm sure I've shared stuff that has been fake, and even reputable news agencies make mistakes. But to me the data would be a[nother] compelling argument for better and more access to education--to stop the damn rumors! (My real goal is to put Snopes out of business.)
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