讲故事与叙事2010kenlevine.blogspot.com
《社交网络》编剧阿伦·索尔金谈女性形象的塑造
The Social Network scriptwriter Aaron Sorkin posts about the portrayal of women.
导读
这是关于《社交网络》编剧 Aaron Sorkin 回应外界批评其“厌女”描绘的一篇讨论。评论者质疑 Sorkin 对事实的取舍：他声称来自真实事件的那些最刺眼的细节，很可能正是他自己虚构或夸大的。对写作者来说，这是一个关于“改编真实事件时，编剧的责任边界在哪里”的案例，值得一读。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
改编真实事件时，你为戏剧效果添加的具体细节最容易被读者记住并被当成事实，所以虚构的细节要承担额外责任。
- 02
把人物塞进“书呆子对运动员”这类现成套路，会把真实的代际与技术冲突简化成老套的二元对立。
- 03
只用单方视角叙事时，要清楚叙述者的利益和偏见——比如编剧需要争议来推销电影。
- 04
把任何青少年的行为放到显微镜下都会显得不堪，选择哪个时间切片、放大哪一段，本身就是一种立场。
HN 评论精选
用“厌女”框架去审判年轻人的浅薄行为是过度道德化，两性在这个年龄段同样不成熟。
把这件事说成“Facebook 诞生于一个极度厌女的夜晚”是自命不凡的废话。事实是，大约从 12 岁到 25 岁，男男女女在彼此交往中都极其肤浅、小气、不成熟。年轻人很少把时间花在真正重要的事情上，也就无法在真正重要的话题上建立关系，于是两性都很快滑向社交上的小肚鸡肠。如今指出“男性的性别歧视”很时髦，掌声立刻响起；可那个年纪的男生女生谁也不比谁开明。
lionhearted查看英文原文
> Facebook was born during a night of incredibly misogyny. The idea of comparing women to farm animals, and then to each other, based on their looks and then publicly ranking them. It was a revenge stunt, aimed first at the woman who'd most recently broke his heart (who should get some kind of medal for not breaking his head) and then at the entire female population of Harvard. What a bunch of pretentious self important nonsense. Fact is, from age 12 to age 25 or so, both men and women are incredibly superficial and petty and immature in their relations to each other. There's probably a lot of reasons why, but I think one big reason is that young people spend these days spend very little time on things that actually really matter, thus aren't relating to each other on topics that actually matter. So both genders descend into social pettiness pretty quickly and easily in their younger years. Young men and young women both act petty. But these days, it's very fashionable to point out all the sexism... on men's parts. Applause lights go on. "Yes, fight that evil male sexism!" It's like, okay, there's a bunch of 20 year olds drinking too much and jockeying for attention and being to mean to each other and then throwing up for all the liquor... neither men nor women at that age seem particularly enlightened to me, but people like to be very grave and serious about "this horrible sexism among men today." It's seems like feminism succeeded at all its objectives, but was doing so well that it just kept going. Nowdays any immature male behavior is portrayed as a sign of some deep cultural problems. Immature female behavior? What, no, that doesn't happen. What are you, a sexist or something? Edit: Reply instead of downvoting. I disagree with the author's perspective and think he's spouting cliches that don't match reality or improve things. I listed a counter perspective. You're welcome to disagree with me, share your thoughts.
读者要警惕叙述者的立场与利益，别把戏剧化的叙述当成事实。
第一，把任何青少年的行为放在显微镜下，都能找出令人遗憾的小气举动。扎克伯格后来创办了大公司，不代表他 19 岁时就必须是个睿智的成年人，对他宽容一点。第二，人们对 Sorkin 的叙述太“信任”了：既然他没采访几个关键人物，就该记住这只是一个有既得利益者的视角——他有动机制造尽可能多的争议来推销自己的电影。
dsplittgerber查看英文原文
1- If you put any teenagers actions under a microscope, you will find regrettable and petty things. Just because Zuckerberg founded a huge company doesn't mean he necessarily had to be a wise adult at 19 (or whatever age he was). Cut the man some slack for being like every other guy his age (at that time). He doesn't appear to have been the most mature guy at that time, so what? People can grow and change. 2- There's a lot of "trusting" Aaron Sorkin going on with his descriptions of things. Given that he didn't talk to several important people, one has to remember this is just the POV of the guy who has a vested interest in fabricating the greatest possible amount of controversy to push his movie.
把故事硬塞进“书呆子对运动员”的旧套路，是编剧理解上的偷懒。
Sorkin 最近让我很恼火。Jeff Jarvis 把这称为“对《书呆子的复仇》的复仇”，确实如此。这部电影在我所在的地方还没上映，但我读过几篇他的访谈，里面就有这类说法，纯属胡说。根本不存在“我们”和“他们”，没有什么全球性的运动员对书呆子的大战。真正的文化冲突是代际的：媒体和传播的变化快过一些人的理解能力，而 Sorkin 就是没跟上的那类人。他不懂 Facebook 是用来干什么的、人们为什么喜欢它、扎克伯格想要什么。他说 Facebook 只是他故事的背景——电影也许不错，但那是一个并不理解这个背景的人写的虚构版本。
amvp查看英文原文
>These aren't the cuddly nerds we made movies about in the 80's. They're very angry that the cheerleader still wants to go out with the quarterback instead of the men (boys) who are running the universe right now. I'm finding Aaron Sorkin incredibly irritating lately. Jeff Jarvis called it 'revenge on the revenge of the nerds' and this absolutely is. The movie hasn't been released where I live yet, but I've read several interviews with him where he makes statements like this. It's complete nonsense. There is no us and them, no global jocks vs geeks battle being waged here. If anything the cultural conflict is generational; media and communication is changing faster than some people can understand. And Sorkin is one of those that doesn't. He doesn't understand what facebook is for, why people like it, or what Zuckerberg wants. He claims that facebook is just the backdrop of the story he's telling - and movie maybe good as a movie, but it's a fictionalized account, by somebody who doesn't understand what backdrop was all about. Disclaimer: I'm historically a fan of Sorkin's movies, and a vocal critic of Facebook's privacy policies.
最刺眼、最容易被记住的细节往往出自编剧的虚构，而读者会把它们当成事实。
Slate 的文章称 Facemash 上男性和女性的照片都有。看起来 Sorkin 引用的多数具体证据都是虚构的。如果 Slate 说得对，那个网站其实是一视同仁的；如果扎克伯格博客的文字记录可信，那么那些最具煽动性的内容大多是 Sorkin 自己写的。有意思的是，对这段故事并不了解的人，恰恰把 Sorkin 添加的虚构细节当成最令人愤怒的部分。某种程度上这反而替扎克伯格洗清了名声；遗憾的是，这些一眼就能辨认出来的细节偏偏最让人记得住。
byrneseyeview查看英文原文
This Slate article claims that Facemash had pictures of men and women: http://www.slate.com/id/2269250/ It seems that most of the specific evidence Sorkin cites is fictional. If Slate is correct, the site was egalitarian. If the transcripts of Zuckerberg's blog are believable (Google them if you want; they're not hard to find), then Sorkin wrote most of the inflammatory material. It is interesting that people who don't know the story very well still zero in on the fictional details Sorking added as the most upsetting. In a way, it must vindicate Zuckerberg. Unfortunate that those readily-identifiable details are so memorable.
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