小说与文学2018atlasobscura.com编辑精选
作家们如何绘制自己的想象世界
How Writers Map Their Imaginary Worlds
导读
这篇报道介绍奇幻作家如何为自己的虚构世界绘制地图——从手绘草图到成书扉页的成品地图。对写作者来说,它揭示了一个常被忽视的创作环节:地图不只是装饰,而是检验世界设定是否自洽的工具,也牵涉到"先建世界还是边写边想"的方法分歧。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
画地图时先理清河流与流域的逻辑:真河一定会流到某处,不会凭空停在荒野中间;这些细节不必都放进成品地图,但应先想清楚再落笔。
- 02
地图不必是写作的前置作业:厄休拉·勒古恩说她不预先建档案,而是在需要时"向内心查询"自己已写下的地方与人,像边写边造,实为调用潜意识中的设定。
- 03
把画地图当作放松与游戏(菲利普·普尔曼称写作是阴郁的苦工、画画是纯粹的快乐),用它来维持对世界的兴趣,而不是逼自己先完成一套设定文档。
- 04
如果你要让山脉、河流和森林的位置站得住脚,就得考虑地质与气候:在本该是沙漠的地方放森林,要么改地形,要么另造一套天气系统来解释。
HN 评论精选
地图要经得起流域逻辑的推敲,细节可隐但逻辑要在。
借机吐槽一个个人老毛病:如果你要出版虚构世界的地图,就先把流域画出来、确保它说得通。这些细节不必出现在最终地图上,但应该影响最终地图的样子。真实的河流一定会流向某处,不会凭空停在荒野中间。
wtracy查看英文原文
Okay, here's my excuse to vent a personal pet peeves. :-) If you're going to publish a map of your imaginary land, map out the watersheds and make sure they make sense. You don't have to include those details in the final map, but they should inform the final map. Real rivers go somewhere. They don't just stop in the middle of nowhere.
勒古恩不预先造设定档案,而是需要时调用心中已成形的地方与人。
在勒古恩的写作随笔集《夜色语言》里,有个著名奇幻杂志编辑请她谈谈自己如何预先画出世界地图、建好各种资料以便随时查阅,她的回答大意是:我不是这么做的。她描述的做法是:到了需要那条信息的时候,她就在心里去查,它就浮现出来——可以说是一路写一路编,但更像是查询自己对所描写的地方与人物所积累的潜意识知识。
bryanrasmussen查看英文原文
in the Languages of the Night, a collection of Ursula K. LeGuin's essays on writing, there is a section(IIRC I read it more than 20 years ago) where a famous fantasy magazine editor had asked her to go into how she mapped out her world and created all the documentation beforehand so she could refer to it when needed, her process as it were, and she replied something to the effect of this is not how I do it. The description of how she did it was that when it became time to have that information, she looked it up in her mind and it came to her, what we might describe as making it up as she went along but which was more like querying her unconscious knowledge of the places and people she was describing.
写文字可以含糊其辞,画地图却会逼你面对设定的物理自洽。
菲利普·普尔曼说:"写作是阴郁的苦工,画画是纯粹的快乐。为故事画一张地图就是瞎玩,还多了涂色的乐趣。"对我来说正好相反——写作时我可以胡编乱造还称之为现实,就是这样。可一旦开始画地图,我就得考虑山脉和河流的位置与当地地质的关系,要么就得发明一整套天气系统,来解释为什么森林能长在这里,因为在我们的世界里这里本该是沙漠。
shakna查看英文原文
> Philip Pullman (author of the His Dark Materials books): “Writing is a matter of sullen toil. Drawing is pure joy. Drawing a map to go with a story is messing around, with the added fun of coloring in.” It's the other way for me - in writing I can invent nonsense, and call it reality, and that's just how it is. However, the moment I start to create a map, I need to either consider the environmental factors of mountain and river placement on local geology, or invent an entire weather system that explains why it's acceptable for the forest to live where it does, because it'd be a desert in our world.
扉页地图本身就是奇幻读者最看重的体验之一。
"对爱书人(尤其是奇幻迷)来说,人生一大乐事就是翻开封面,发现里面藏着一张地图,写满即将展开的那片土地的细节。"说实话,这就是我读奇幻的全部理由。
jinushaun查看英文原文
> One of life’s great treats, for a lover of books (especially fantasy books), is to open a cover to find a map secreted inside and filled with the details of a land about to be discovered Quite honestly the reason I read fantasy at all.
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