小说与文学2021libcom.org
富士康工人许立志的诗歌与短暂一生
The poetry and brief life of a Foxconn worker: Xu Lizhi (2014)
导读
这篇短文讲述了富士康工人许立志的诗与短暂一生，并附有他描写流水线、加班与死亡的短诗。对写作者而言，它示范了如何用极简、具象的日常意象承载结构性的社会议题，也让'为谁写、写什么'这个问题重新变得迫切。
可以直接用的写作要点
- 01
用最普通的物件作核心意象（一颗掉落的螺丝），让象征意义从场景中自然长出，而不是直接喊出主题。
- 02
写重大议题时先收窄到一个具体的人、一个具体的夜晚，抽象批判留给读者自己完成。
- 03
让重复结构承担情绪重量：'就像在此之前／某个相同的夜晚'式的回环，比堆砌形容词更有力。
- 04
短句、短行、去掉修饰，把每一行压到只留必要信息，留白本身就是控诉。
HN 评论精选
螺丝与人并置的结尾，用极简意象完成不动声色的控诉。
这首诗特别打动我：一颗螺丝掉在地上／在这个加班的夜晚／垂直降落，轻轻一响／不会引起任何人的注意／就像在此之前／某个相同的夜晚／有个人掉在地上。
tediousdemise查看英文原文
This one in particular struck a cord with me: 一颗螺丝掉在地上 A screw fell to the ground 在这个加班的夜晚 In this dark night of overtime 垂直降落，轻轻一响 Plunging vertically, lightly clinking 不会引起任何人的注意 It won’t attract anyone’s attention 就像在此之前 Just like last time 某个相同的夜晚 On a night like this 有个人掉在地上 When someone plunged to the ground
消费者的共谋与'增长执念'，是写作背后需要正视的道德处境。
我们每个人都身处其中。我越来越频繁地问自己：这些材料从哪来？这些东西是谁做的？制造它们带来什么后果？任何一点答案都会很快指向不好的方向，涉及人和动物时尤其如此。光是看看垃圾，就会意识到日常生活里一次性材料多到离谱；查查亚马逊扔掉的食物，很多还在保质期内。人类对增长和规模的执念像一股必须主动抵抗的黑暗力量，但这场抵抗正在明显输掉，而且参与抵抗的人越来越少。
bmitc查看英文原文
We're all a part of this. I've been asking myself questions, at an increasing rate lately, like "where does all this material come from?", "who makes all this stuff?", "what's the effect of making this?', etc., and any hint of an answer leads to nowhere good quite quickly. That is especially true when you consider the human and other animal elements. Just looking into the trash makes you realize the insane amount of single-use material that is used for daily life. Search the food Amazon throws away, including masses within the usable dates. Even things that are not single use makes my mind be boggled where all the stuff comes from. Humanity's obsession with growth and scale is like a dark force we have to actively fight against, but the obsession is winning handily. And it feels that less and less are pushing against it, with many pushing for it.
责任不只在消费者，制度与政策也是叙事中不可省略的角色。
对于那些认为'殖民对殖民地其实是净好处'的人，我想说：这其实不是'西方经济'殖民中国，而是中国政府纵容工人被剥削、西方从中配合。中方想借此取得技术与经济上的对等甚至优势，代价由许立志这样的人承担；廉价商品和劳动力是抛给西方的诱饵。西方消费者愿意用逐渐失去工作换取廉价商品，西方工业家愿意用长期衰退换短期利润，西方政府则因工业家游说最强而乐于放任坏政策。这场游戏里的角色远不止'西方消费者'和'中国工人'，把责任全压在消费者身上是错的——政策把我们带进这个泥潭，也需要政策把我们带出来。
comfysocks查看英文原文
To the people who are arguing some variation of "Colonialism is actually a net GOOD for the colonized people!!"[1], I'd like to point out that this us NOT really an example of the "economic West" [2] colonizing China. Rather, it is the Chinese government allowing their workers to be exploited, with the complicity of the West. The Chinese government hopes to gain technological and economic parity or superiority to the economic West, all at the cost to the likes of Xu Lizhi. Cheap goods and labor are the bait offered to the West. Western consumers are happy to lose their jobs over time in exchange for cheap goods. Western industrialists are happy to gain short term profits at the expense of long term decline. Western governments are happy to allow poor policy that allows this to happen because the industrialists have the best lobbyists. Clearly there are more players in this game than just "Western consumers" and "Chinese factory workers". It's wrong to put the burden of responsibility just on the consumers. Policy played a big role in getting us into this mess. Policy will need to play a role in getting us out. [1] No one actually said the word "colonialism", but it's a parallel argument heard countless times before. [2] "Western" is not quite the right word because there are Eastern nations that are aligned with this economic bloc as well.
非虚构写作可以用一本调查报道作为事实支撑，让个人故事有制度背景。
《为iPhone而死》这本书讲富士康的状况和苹果的用工实践，总体仍是'往好里说也是虐待'。不过读完会让人不太想碰现代消费电子产品了。
Syonyk查看英文原文
"Dying for an iPhone" is a good read on the state of Foxconn and Apple's labor practices, which seem to generally continue to be "abusive at best." It does lead to not really wanting to touch any of modern consumer electronics, though.
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